Which type of grounding method involves a direct connection to ground without resistance?

The method of grounding that involves a direct connection to ground without resistance is solid grounding. This approach ensures that the grounded system has a low impedance path to the earth, which is essential for fault protection. In solidly grounded systems, the grounded conductor is directly connected to ground with minimal to no intervening resistance. This effectively allows for the safe dissipation of fault currents directly into the earth, reducing the risk of electrocution and equipment damage.

In contrast, other grounding methods, such as effectively grounded systems, may allow for some level of resistance, which can impact the effectiveness of fault current paths. Temporary grounding methods are designed for safe work practices and are not intended for permanent installations, and interrupted grounding systems indicate an intentional break in the grounding path, which does not promote safety during fault conditions. Hence, solid grounding is the most reliable method for ensuring protection against electrical faults.